Search results for "genetics [Transcriptome]"
showing 10 items of 3033 documents
Blood cell transcript levels in 5-year-old children as potential markers of breastfeeding effects in those small for gestational age at birth
2019
BackgroundNutrition of the newborn during the early postnatal period seems to be of capital importance and there is clinical evidence showing the protective effect of breastfeeding compared with formula feeding on childhood obesity and its comorbidities. Infants born small for gestation age may be more sensitive to the type of feeding during lactation. Here, we aimed to analyze the impact of birth weight and the type of infant feeding on the expression levels in peripheral blood cells of selected candidate genes involved in energy homeostasis in 5-year-old children, to find out potential early biomarkers of metabolic programming effects during this period of metabolic plasticity.MethodsFort…
Effects of short-term methionine and cysteine restriction and enrichment with polyunsaturated fatty acids on oral glucose tolerance, plasma amino aci…
2021
Abstract Objective In this 7-day pilot study we randomized healthy, normal-weight men and women to either a dietary intervention with methionine and cysteine restriction enriched in PUFA (Met/Cyslow + PUFA, n = 7) or with high contents of methionine, cysteine and SFA (Met/Cyshigh + SFA, n = 7). The objective was to describe the short-term responses in oral glucose tolerance, amino acid profile, total fatty acid profile, pyruvate and lactate following a Met/Cyslow + PUFA diet vs. Met/Cyshigh + SFA. Results The diet groups consisted of five women and two men, aged 20–38 years. After the 7-d intervention median pre- and post-oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) glucose concentrations were 5 mmol…
Accumulation of Symmetric Dimethylarginine in Hepatorenal Syndrome
2005
In patients with cirrhosis, nitric oxide (NO), asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA), and possibly symmetric dimethylarginine (SDMA) have been linked to the severity of the disease. We investigated whether plasma levels of dimethylarginines and NO are elevated in patients with hepatorenal syndrome (HRS), compared with patients with cirrhosis without renal failure (no-HRS). Plasma levels of NO, ADMA, SDMA, and l-arginine were measured in 11 patients with HRS, seven patients with no-HRS, and six healthy volunteers. SDMA concentration in HRS was higher than in no-HRS and healthy subjects (1.47 ± 0.25 vs. 0.38 ± 0.06 and 0.29 ± 0.04 μM, respectively; P < 0.05). ADMA and NOx concentrations were…
Vasoactive properties of antihypertensive lactoferrin-derived peptides in resistance vessels: Effects in small mesenteric arteries from SHR rats
2017
Aims: Bovine lactoferrin (LF) hydrolysates and peptides identified thereof have shown antihypertensive effects in rat models, mainly but not exclusively by angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibition. In this study we aimed to assess the vasoactive effects and mechanisms of an ultrafiltered (< 3 kDa) pepsin LF hydrolysate (LFH) and a heptapeptide identified in a LF hydrolysate produced by yeast proteolysis (DPYKLRP) in peripheral resistance arteries from spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs). Main methods: We used a myograph system for isometric tension recording in isolated small mesenteric arteries from SHRs. Direct vasoactive effects of LFH (30–100 μg/mL) and DPYKLRP (30–100 μM) were asses…
Urinary exosome miR-146a is a potential marker of albuminuria in essential hypertension
2018
Abstract Background There is increasing interest in using extracellular vesicle-derived microRNAs (miRNAs) as biomarkers in renal dysfunction and injury. Preliminary evidence indicates that miRNAs regulate the progression of glomerular disease. Indeed, exosomes from the renal system have provided novel evidence in the clinical setting of albuminuria. Thus, the aim of this study was to quantify the urinary miRNAs present in exosome and microvesicles (MVs), and to assess their association with the presence of increased urinary albumin excretion in essential hypertension. Methods Exosomes were collected from urine specimens from a cohort of hypertensive patients with (n = 24) or without albumi…
The complex alteration in the network of IL-17-type cytokines in patients with hereditary angioedema
2018
Hereditary angioedema (HAE) is a rare autosomic-dominant disorder characterized by a deficiency of C1 esterase inhibitor which causes episodic swellings of subcutaneous tissues, bowel walls and upper airways that are disabling and potentially life-threatening. We evaluated n = 17 patients with confirmed HAE diagnosis during attack and remission state and n = 19 healthy subjects. The samples were tested for a panel of IL (Interleukin)-17-type cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6, IL-10, granulocyte–macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF), IL-17, IL-21, IL-22, IL-23) and transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) subtypes. Data indicate that there are variations of cytokine levels in HAE subjects compar…
The titanium-made growth-guidance technique for early-onset scoliosis at minimum 2-year follow-up: A prospective multicenter study.
2019
Background The management of early-onset scoliosis (EOS) remains a serious challenge in pediatric orthopedics. The growth-guidance system (GGS) is a surgical option that allows continuous growth along a rod, averting the need for repeated operative lengthening. Objectives The objective of this study was to evaluate the outcomes of the GGS in the treatment of EOS. Material and methods A prospective study, including 81 patients from 4 departments treated with this method from 2013 to 2015, was conducted with a minimum follow-up period of 24 months. The follow-up data of 57 patients was available, thus the drop-out rate was 29.63%. There were 44 girls with a mean age of 10.03 years and 13 boys…
Functional electrical therapy for hemiparesis alleviates disability and enhances neuroplasticity
2011
Impaired motor and sensory function is common in the upper limb in humans after cerebrovascular stroke and it often remains as a permanent disability. Functional electrical stimulation therapy is known to enhance the motor function of the paretic hand; however, the mechanism of this enhancement is not known. We studied whether neural plasticity has a role in this therapy-induced enhancement of the hand motor function in 20 hemiparetic subjects with chronic stroke (age 53 ± 6 years; 7 females and 13 males; 10 with cerebral infarction and 10 with cerebral haemorrhage; and time since incident 2.4 ± 2.0 years). These subjects were randomized to functional electrical therapy or conventional phys…
Mating systems and protein–protein interactions determine evolutionary rates of primate sperm proteins
2013
To assess the relative impact of functional constraint and post-mating sexual selection on sequence evolution of reproductive proteins, we examined 169 primate sperm proteins. In order to recognize potential genome-wide trends, we additionally analysed a sample of altogether 318 non-reproductive (brain and postsynaptic) proteins. Based on cDNAs of eight primate species (Anthropoidea), we observed that pre-mating sperm proteins engaged in sperm composition and assembly show significantly lower incidence of site-specific positive selection and overall lower non-synonymous to synonymous substitution rates ( d N / d S ) across sites as compared with post-mating sperm proteins involved in capac…
Loss of all three APP family members during development impairs synaptic function and plasticity, disrupts learning, and causes an autism-like phenot…
2021
The key role of APP for Alzheimer pathogenesis is well established. However, perinatal lethality of germline knockout mice lacking the entire APP family has so far precluded the analysis of its physiological functions for the developing and adult brain. Here, we generated conditional APP/APLP1/APLP2 triple KO (cTKO) mice lacking the APP family in excitatory forebrain neurons from embryonic day 11.5 onwards. NexCre cTKO mice showed altered brain morphology with agenesis of the corpus callosum and disrupted hippocampal lamination. Further, NexCre cTKOs revealed reduced basal synaptic transmission and drastically reduced long-term potentiation that was associated with reduced dendritic length …